improved visibility

noun (the range of distance over which things may be (clearly) seen: Visibility is poor today; Visibility in the fog was down to twenty yards in places.) sikt(barhet)

subst. \/ˌvɪzɪˈbɪlətɪ\/

1) synlighet

2) ( meteorolgi) sikt

3) (sjøfart, om lys) lysvidde, synsvidde

improved visibility forbedret sikt

reduced visibility redusert sikt

 

усовершенствованный интерфейс визуального проектирования
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[Интент]

Тематики

• автоматизированные системы

EN

• improved interface that enhances visibility

SUBJECT AREA: Land transport, Railways and locomotives, Steam and internal combustion engines

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Orphaned as a child, Hamilton went to work for Southern Pacific Railroad in his teens, and then worked for several other companies. In his spare time he learned mathematics and physics from a retired professor. In 1911 he joined the White Motor Company, makers of road motor vehicles in Denver, Colorado, where he had gone to recuperate from malaria. He remained there until 1922, apart from an eighteenth-month break for war service.

Upon his return from war service, Hamilton found White selling petrol-engined railbuses with mechanical transmission, based on road vehicles, to railways. He noted that they were not robust enough and that the success of petrol railcars with electric transmission, built by General Electric since 1906, was limited as they were complex to drive and maintain. In 1922 Hamilton formed, and became President of, the Electro- Motive Engineering Corporation (later Electro-Motive Corporation) to design and produce petrol-electric rail cars. Needing an engine larger than those used in road vehicles, yet lighter and faster than marine engines, he approached the Win ton Engine Company to develop a suitable engine; in addition, General Electric provided electric transmission with a simplified control system. Using these components, Hamilton arranged for his petrol-electric railcars to be built by the St Louis Car Company, with the first being completed in 1924. It was the beginning of a highly successful series. Fuel costs were lower than for steam trains and initial costs were kept down by using standardized vehicles instead of designing for individual railways. Maintenance costs were minimized because Electro-Motive kept stocks of spare parts and supplied replacement units when necessary. As more powerful, 800 hp (600 kW) railcars were produced, railways tended to use them to haul trailer vehicles, although that practice reduced the fuel saving. By the end of the decade Electro-Motive needed engines more powerful still and therefore had to use cheap fuel. Diesel engines of the period, such as those that Winton had made for some years, were too heavy in relation to their power, and too slow and sluggish for rail use. Their fuel-injection system was erratic and insufficiently robust and Hamilton concluded that a separate injector was needed for each cylinder.

In 1930 Electro-Motive Corporation and Winton were acquired by General Motors in pursuance of their aim to develop a diesel engine suitable for rail traction, with the use of unit fuel injectors; Hamilton retained his position as President. At this time, industrial depression had combined with road and air competition to undermine railway-passenger business, and Ralph Budd, President of the Chicago, Burlington \& Quincy Railroad, thought that traffic could be recovered by way of high-speed, luxury motor trains; hence the Pioneer Zephyr was built for the Burlington. This comprised a 600 hp (450 kW), lightweight, two-stroke, diesel engine developed by General Motors (model 201 A), with electric transmission, that powered a streamlined train of three articulated coaches. This train demonstrated its powers on 26 May 1934 by running non-stop from Denver to Chicago, a distance of 1,015 miles (1,635 km), in 13 hours and 6 minutes, when the fastest steam schedule was 26 hours. Hamilton and Budd were among those on board the train, and it ushered in an era of high-speed diesel trains in the USA. By then Hamilton, with General Motors backing, was planning to use the lightweight engine to power diesel-electric locomotives. Their layout was derived not from steam locomotives, but from the standard American boxcar. The power plant was mounted within the body and powered the bogies, and driver's cabs were at each end. Two 900 hp (670 kW) engines were mounted in a single car to become an 1,800 hp (l,340 kW) locomotive, which could be operated in multiple by a single driver to form a 3,600 hp (2,680 kW) locomotive. To keep costs down, standard locomotives could be mass-produced rather than needing individual designs for each railway, as with steam locomotives. Two units of this type were completed in 1935 and sent on trial throughout much of the USA. They were able to match steam locomotive performance, with considerable economies: fuel costs alone were halved and there was much less wear on the track. In the same year, Electro-Motive began manufacturing diesel-electrie locomotives at La Grange, Illinois, with design modifications: the driver was placed high up above a projecting nose, which improved visibility and provided protection in the event of collision on unguarded level crossings; six-wheeled bogies were introduced, to reduce axle loading and improve stability. The first production passenger locomotives emerged from La Grange in 1937, and by early 1939 seventy units were in service. Meanwhile, improved engines had been developed and were being made at La Grange, and late in 1939 a prototype, four-unit, 5,400 hp (4,000 kW) diesel-electric locomotive for freight trains was produced and sent out on test from coast to coast; production versions appeared late in 1940. After an interval from 1941 to 1943, when Electro-Motive produced diesel engines for military and naval use, locomotive production resumed in quantity in 1944, and within a few years diesel power replaced steam on most railways in the USA.

Hal Hamilton remained President of Electro-Motive Corporation until 1942, when it became a division of General Motors, of which he became Vice-President.

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1) Компьютерная техника: Interactive TeleVision, instrumented test vehicle

2) Военный термин: In- Transit Visibility, inert test vehicle, instructional television

3) Техника: illuminated television-system, instruction television, instructional television program, intermediate test vessel

4) Сокращение: Improved TOW Vehicle (USA), Independent Television, Instrumented Target Vehicle, industrial television

5) Транспорт: Improved Tow Vehicle

6) Нефть и газ: internal TV

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Vegetative Insecticidal Protein, весьма важная персона, высокопоставленное лицо, VIP-персона

2) Компьютерная техника: Veritas Integration Platform, Versatile Image Processor, Versatile Interactive Pan, Video Integration Processor, Virtual Immediate Processing, Vlb Isa Pci, Voyager Information Portal

3) Медицина: vasoactive intestinal peptide, вазоактивный интестинальный пептид

4) Разговорное выражение: (сокр. от very important person) весьма важная персона

5) Американизм: Very Important Papers, Very Important Presentation, Very Impressive Pork

6) Спорт: Very Important Player

7) Военный термин: Variable Incentive Payment, Ventilated Improved Pit, Verified Independently For Performance, Victory In Place, Visitor Improvement Program, Visual Information Projection, Visual Input Processor, variable incentive pay, virtual impact point, visitor information publication, visual identification point, voice information processor, важная персона, важное лицо

8) Техника: V-groove isolation polycrystalline, VHDL instruction processor, vacuum impregnated magnetics, versatile information processor, video input processor, video integrator and processor, viewers in profile, vision information program, visual image processor, visual input

9) Шутливое выражение: Very Important Palestinian, Very Important Petunia

10) Религия: Very Important Prayer, Very Inspirational Posse, Visual Inspirational And Performing, Voices In Praise

11) Юридический термин: Values Integrity And Principles, Verified Identified Parentage, Very Intoxicated Person, Victim In Past, Visually Impaired Person

12) Ветеринария: Versatility In Poodles, Very Important Pandas, Very Important Pet, Very Important Ponies

13) Дипломатический термин: (very important person) очень важная персона

14) Музыка: Vanilla Ice Posse

15) Оптика: virtual image processing

16) Телекоммуникации: VINES Internet Protocol

17) Сокращение: Vehicle Improvement Program (USPS database contains contract records on the purchases of all non-mail hauling vehicles for the Postal Service), Vehicle Improvement Programme, Vertical launch Interface Processor, Vertically Integrated Photodiode, Video Imaging Projectile, Visual Integrated Presentation

18) Университет: Very Important Problem, Virginia Instructors Of Physics

19) Физиология: Various Individualistic Personalities, Vascular Intervention Program, Vision Integrated Performance, Visual Information Processing

20) Электроника: Vertically Integrated Pnp, Very Intense Power

21) Вычислительная техника: Versatile Interface Processor, video image processor, visionary interpreter for PostScript, visual programmer, Virtual Internet Protocol (address, IP), VLB - ISA - PCI (board, VLB, ISA, PCI), Visual Information Projection (terminal, Bull)

22) Биохимия: вазоактивный интестинальный полипептид

23) Биотехнология: Visual immunoprecipitation

24) Транспорт: Vehicle Investment Protection

25) Пищевая промышленность: Very Impressive Proportions

26) Фирменный знак: Valerie Irons Protection, Vista Income Properties, Volunteers In Progress

27) Реклама: Очень важная персона

28) Деловая лексика: Value Indulgence And Privilege, Very Important Partners, Very Innovative Product, Virtual Interactive Partnership, Virtual Internal Procurement, Visibility Image And Positioning, Vision Insight And Planning, Volunteers In Partnership, Volunteers Invaluable Participants, Volunteers Of International Paper, важная персона (very important person)

29) Образование: Values Integrity People, Very Interested Parents, Very Involved Parents, Victory In Partnership

30) Контроль качества: value improvement program

31) Сахалин Ю: value improving practices, value improving practices/process

32) Авиационная медицина: voice interruption priority

33) Макаров: vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, vertical ionization potential

34) Безопасность: very important person

35) Расширение файла: Variable Information Processing, Video Information Provider, Virtual Interrupt Pending, Visual Interactive Parser

36) ООН: Very Ignorant People, Very Impotent People

37) Общественная организация: Volunteer Investment Program

38) Правительство: Various Interesting Points, Very Irksome Place, Virginia Initiative Plant

39) НАСА: Visual Inspection Program

40) Программное обеспечение: Visual Interactive Programming

41) Международная торговля: Value In Partnership

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Vegetative Insecticidal Protein, весьма важная персона, высокопоставленное лицо, VIP-персона

2) Компьютерная техника: Veritas Integration Platform, Versatile Image Processor, Versatile Interactive Pan, Video Integration Processor, Virtual Immediate Processing, Vlb Isa Pci, Voyager Information Portal

3) Медицина: vasoactive intestinal peptide, вазоактивный интестинальный пептид

4) Разговорное выражение: (сокр. от very important person) весьма важная персона

5) Американизм: Very Important Papers, Very Important Presentation, Very Impressive Pork

6) Спорт: Very Important Player

7) Военный термин: Variable Incentive Payment, Ventilated Improved Pit, Verified Independently For Performance, Victory In Place, Visitor Improvement Program, Visual Information Projection, Visual Input Processor, variable incentive pay, virtual impact point, visitor information publication, visual identification point, voice information processor, важная персона, важное лицо

8) Техника: V-groove isolation polycrystalline, VHDL instruction processor, vacuum impregnated magnetics, versatile information processor, video input processor, video integrator and processor, viewers in profile, vision information program, visual image processor, visual input

9) Шутливое выражение: Very Important Palestinian, Very Important Petunia

10) Религия: Very Important Prayer, Very Inspirational Posse, Visual Inspirational And Performing, Voices In Praise

11) Юридический термин: Values Integrity And Principles, Verified Identified Parentage, Very Intoxicated Person, Victim In Past, Visually Impaired Person

12) Ветеринария: Versatility In Poodles, Very Important Pandas, Very Important Pet, Very Important Ponies

13) Дипломатический термин: (very important person) очень важная персона

14) Музыка: Vanilla Ice Posse

15) Оптика: virtual image processing

16) Телекоммуникации: VINES Internet Protocol

17) Сокращение: Vehicle Improvement Program (USPS database contains contract records on the purchases of all non-mail hauling vehicles for the Postal Service), Vehicle Improvement Programme, Vertical launch Interface Processor, Vertically Integrated Photodiode, Video Imaging Projectile, Visual Integrated Presentation

18) Университет: Very Important Problem, Virginia Instructors Of Physics

19) Физиология: Various Individualistic Personalities, Vascular Intervention Program, Vision Integrated Performance, Visual Information Processing

20) Электроника: Vertically Integrated Pnp, Very Intense Power

21) Вычислительная техника: Versatile Interface Processor, video image processor, visionary interpreter for PostScript, visual programmer, Virtual Internet Protocol (address, IP), VLB - ISA - PCI (board, VLB, ISA, PCI), Visual Information Projection (terminal, Bull)

22) Биохимия: вазоактивный интестинальный полипептид

23) Биотехнология: Visual immunoprecipitation

24) Транспорт: Vehicle Investment Protection

25) Пищевая промышленность: Very Impressive Proportions

26) Фирменный знак: Valerie Irons Protection, Vista Income Properties, Volunteers In Progress

27) Реклама: Очень важная персона

28) Деловая лексика: Value Indulgence And Privilege, Very Important Partners, Very Innovative Product, Virtual Interactive Partnership, Virtual Internal Procurement, Visibility Image And Positioning, Vision Insight And Planning, Volunteers In Partnership, Volunteers Invaluable Participants, Volunteers Of International Paper, важная персона (very important person)

29) Образование: Values Integrity People, Very Interested Parents, Very Involved Parents, Victory In Partnership

30) Контроль качества: value improvement program

31) Сахалин Ю: value improving practices, value improving practices/process

32) Авиационная медицина: voice interruption priority

33) Макаров: vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, vertical ionization potential

34) Безопасность: very important person

35) Расширение файла: Variable Information Processing, Video Information Provider, Virtual Interrupt Pending, Visual Interactive Parser

36) ООН: Very Ignorant People, Very Impotent People

37) Общественная организация: Volunteer Investment Program

38) Правительство: Various Interesting Points, Very Irksome Place, Virginia Initiative Plant

39) НАСА: Visual Inspection Program

40) Программное обеспечение: Visual Interactive Programming

41) Международная торговля: Value In Partnership

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Vegetative Insecticidal Protein, весьма важная персона, высокопоставленное лицо, VIP-персона

2) Компьютерная техника: Veritas Integration Platform, Versatile Image Processor, Versatile Interactive Pan, Video Integration Processor, Virtual Immediate Processing, Vlb Isa Pci, Voyager Information Portal

3) Медицина: vasoactive intestinal peptide, вазоактивный интестинальный пептид

4) Разговорное выражение: (сокр. от very important person) весьма важная персона

5) Американизм: Very Important Papers, Very Important Presentation, Very Impressive Pork

6) Спорт: Very Important Player

7) Военный термин: Variable Incentive Payment, Ventilated Improved Pit, Verified Independently For Performance, Victory In Place, Visitor Improvement Program, Visual Information Projection, Visual Input Processor, variable incentive pay, virtual impact point, visitor information publication, visual identification point, voice information processor, важная персона, важное лицо

8) Техника: V-groove isolation polycrystalline, VHDL instruction processor, vacuum impregnated magnetics, versatile information processor, video input processor, video integrator and processor, viewers in profile, vision information program, visual image processor, visual input

9) Шутливое выражение: Very Important Palestinian, Very Important Petunia

10) Религия: Very Important Prayer, Very Inspirational Posse, Visual Inspirational And Performing, Voices In Praise

11) Юридический термин: Values Integrity And Principles, Verified Identified Parentage, Very Intoxicated Person, Victim In Past, Visually Impaired Person

12) Ветеринария: Versatility In Poodles, Very Important Pandas, Very Important Pet, Very Important Ponies

13) Дипломатический термин: (very important person) очень важная персона

14) Музыка: Vanilla Ice Posse

15) Оптика: virtual image processing

16) Телекоммуникации: VINES Internet Protocol

17) Сокращение: Vehicle Improvement Program (USPS database contains contract records on the purchases of all non-mail hauling vehicles for the Postal Service), Vehicle Improvement Programme, Vertical launch Interface Processor, Vertically Integrated Photodiode, Video Imaging Projectile, Visual Integrated Presentation

18) Университет: Very Important Problem, Virginia Instructors Of Physics

19) Физиология: Various Individualistic Personalities, Vascular Intervention Program, Vision Integrated Performance, Visual Information Processing

20) Электроника: Vertically Integrated Pnp, Very Intense Power

21) Вычислительная техника: Versatile Interface Processor, video image processor, visionary interpreter for PostScript, visual programmer, Virtual Internet Protocol (address, IP), VLB - ISA - PCI (board, VLB, ISA, PCI), Visual Information Projection (terminal, Bull)

22) Биохимия: вазоактивный интестинальный полипептид

23) Биотехнология: Visual immunoprecipitation

24) Транспорт: Vehicle Investment Protection

25) Пищевая промышленность: Very Impressive Proportions

26) Фирменный знак: Valerie Irons Protection, Vista Income Properties, Volunteers In Progress

27) Реклама: Очень важная персона

28) Деловая лексика: Value Indulgence And Privilege, Very Important Partners, Very Innovative Product, Virtual Interactive Partnership, Virtual Internal Procurement, Visibility Image And Positioning, Vision Insight And Planning, Volunteers In Partnership, Volunteers Invaluable Participants, Volunteers Of International Paper, важная персона (very important person)

29) Образование: Values Integrity People, Very Interested Parents, Very Involved Parents, Victory In Partnership

30) Контроль качества: value improvement program

31) Сахалин Ю: value improving practices, value improving practices/process

32) Авиационная медицина: voice interruption priority

33) Макаров: vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, vertical ionization potential

34) Безопасность: very important person

35) Расширение файла: Variable Information Processing, Video Information Provider, Virtual Interrupt Pending, Visual Interactive Parser

36) ООН: Very Ignorant People, Very Impotent People

37) Общественная организация: Volunteer Investment Program

38) Правительство: Various Interesting Points, Very Irksome Place, Virginia Initiative Plant

39) НАСА: Visual Inspection Program

40) Программное обеспечение: Visual Interactive Programming

41) Международная торговля: Value In Partnership